Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by central nervous
system (CNS) demyelination and axonal degeneration. Although the cause of MS is still
unknown, it is widely accepted that novel drug targets need to focus on both decreasing
inflammation and promoting CNS repair. In MS and experimental autoimmune
encephalomyelitis, non-coding small microRNAs (miRNAs) are dysregulated in the immune
system and CNS. Since individual miRNAs are able to down-regulate multiple targeted …

Pro-inflammatory T cells mediate autoimmune demyelination in multiple sclerosis. However,
the factors driving their development and multiple sclerosis susceptibility are incompletely
understood. We investigated how micro-RNAs, newly described as post-transcriptional
regulators of gene expression, contribute to pathogenic T-cell differentiation in multiple
sclerosis. miR-128 and miR-27b were increased in naïve and miR-340 in memory CD4+ T
cells from patients with multiple sclerosis, inhibiting Th2 cell development and favouring pro …